高考英语高频动词短语
高考英语高频动词短语
一、几个常见的动词
1.关于make
1)make当“做、制造”解时，可跟双宾语。
如：He'll make me a kite. = He'll make a kite for me.他将给我制作一个风筝。
2)make通常与一些表示动作的名词连用。
(1)make a study/ trip/ promise/ movement/ statement/ request/ change/ fire/ speech/report/ face/ plan/ living/ differences
(2)make an explanation/ experiment/ excuse/ apology
(3)make preparation/ progress/ room/ bread/ tea/ coffee
3)make作使役动词时，表示“使......做某事、使......成为”，可跟复合结构，其中的宾补
可以是：
(1)形容词：They are trying to make our country beautiful.他们在努力使我们的国家变得美丽。
(2)名词：I would make you king over the earth.我会使你成为地球之王。
(3)过去分词：What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕?
(4)省去to的不定式：The boy made faces just to make other kids laugh.这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑。
注意：make在被动语态中一定要带to的不定式。
(5)构成：make it + adj. + to do sth. / that 从句 使(做)某事成为......
4)make作“制造、组成”时构成的词组，常使用被动语态。
(1)成品+ be made of +原材料(看得出原材料)
(2)成品+be made from +原材料(看不出原材料)
(3)原料+be made into+成品
(4)成品+be made by + 执行者/制造者
(5)成品+be made in +地点
(6)物体/组织+be made up of +若干成分
5)make构成的两个常用词组
(1)make up 弥补，编造，构成，化妆，整理。
如：make up a story编故事
(2)make full/ good/ the best use of 充分利用。
如：We must make the best use of the fine weather.我们必须充分利用这好天气。
2.关于consider
1)作“考虑”讲时，后面可跟名词/代词/从句，跟连接代词/副词+ to do, 或跟动名词。
如：Have you considered how to go there?你考虑过如何去那里了吗?
2)作“认为......，把......当做”讲时，常用“consider+宾语+宾补”结构，作宾补的可以是名词/形容词/不定式(不定式完成式)。
如：I consider him to be a fool.我把他当做一个傻瓜看待。
3)注意结构：consider it + n. /adj. + to do sth.
如：I consider it necessary to study English.我认为学英语很有必要。
4)consider... (as)...表示“把(某人或某物)看做......”。
如：Most people considered him as a hero.多数人把他看成一个英雄。
3.关于keep
1)keep用作及物动词，表示“使......继续处于某种状态”，其后的宾补可以是：
(1)现在分词：Don't keep your mother waiting.别让你母亲等。
(2)过去分词：His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是刚刚被拖起来盖在身上的。
(3)副词：This helps to keep the cold out.这有助于御寒。
(4)介词短语：He kept them in the classroom after school.放学后，他让他们待在教室里。
(5)形容词：The nurse keep her very clean.护士门将她料理得非常整洁。
2)keep 作系动词，意为“保持、继续处于某种状态”。
如：keep silent/ quiet/ cool/ fit...
3)keep doing与keep on doing
(1)表示“决心、毅力、顽强意志力”及强调动作的反复时，多用keep on doing.
如：Don't give up hope; keep on trying.别放弃希望，要不断努力。
(2)表示持续的状态常用keep doing。
如：We've kept hoping to go to college.我们一直希望上大学。
(3)keep/ keep on一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。
如：通常不用keep (on) standing/ sitting/ beginning/ leaving。
4)其他搭配
keep back 阻止，落在后面
keep... Out (of ) 使......在外，不让...... 入内
keep away 不接近，避开
keep... From 阻止，抑制，避免
keep off 让开，不接近
keep up 坚持，继续，保持，使不低落
keep up with 跟上，赶上，不落后于
keep in touch with与......保持联络
4.关于go
1)go的过去分词形式gone多用作表语，意为“(人)不在了、走了，(物)丢了、用完了”。
如：The necklace was gone.项链丢了。
2)go有“......说的”之意。常用于“the story goes故事是这样的;as the story goes正如格言
所说”这样的结构。
如：As the saying goes, "Where there is a will, thee is a way."正如格言所说“有志者，事竟成。”
3)go为终止性动词，不与表示时间段的状语连用。
4)go to通常与go to attend意义相同，多与一些表示活动的名词连用。
如：go to college/ a meeting/ an English party/ a concert/ a dance/ a lecture/ a dinner等。
5)注意区别：
go on doing sth. 继续做同一个动作
go on to do sth. 做完一个接着干另一个
go on with sth. 同一事件中断后又接着做
6)其他搭配
go to sleep/bed休息/睡觉
go out for a walk/ ride/ swim/ bath/ drive外出散步/骑车/游泳/ 洗澡/ 散步
go about着手做，从事
go ahead前进，进行
go in for sth.从事，酷爱，参加
go over 仔细检查，润色(文稿)，复习
go through经历，经受
go up 上涨
5.关于agree
1)agree一般用作不及物动词，因此，其后不能直接带宾语。如其后跟从句，则可作及物动词。可跟不定式，但不跟不定式的复合结构。
2)区别：
agree with (1)表示“同意某人的看法”。
agree with sb. / what sb. Says.
(2)表示“适合，合适”。
This climate doesn't agree with me.
这里的气候不适合我。
(3)表示“一致，协调”。
The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词必须与其主语在人称和数上保持一致。
agree to 表示“同意(某人的建议、安排、计划)”
agree to a plan/ an arrangement/ a proposal/ a decision
agree on/ upon表示“对......取得一致意见”。
二、常见动词近义词辨析
常见动词近义词很多，有必要掌握以下常见的词类：
1.关于win, defeat, beat, gain
1)win作“赢”讲时，其宾语常是：war, battle, game, match, argument, victory, prize, 100 yuan,race, honor, praise, the first place等，而不能是表示人的名词。
2)beat为及物动词，后面的宾语是“对手”，表示结果。
如：beat sb. at...在......(如比赛、战斗、争论)中击败某人
beat him at table tennis在乒乓球赛中击败他
3)defeat ab. (在战斗、战争、比赛中)击败某人。强调暂时的行为。
如：defeat the enemy in the war在战争中击败敌人
4)gain为及物动词，表示“获得、赢得所需之物、利益或好处”。
如：gain experience/ wealth/ a reputation/ the time/ the marks/ the rank/ the prize/ one's respect/ success/ knowledge/ happiness/ a salary...
2.关于fit, suit和match
1)A.fit作及物动词，表示“适合，配上，合身”。
如：This coat fits her nicely.这件外套非常适合她。
B. 作形容词，表示“适合，健康”。常构成be fit for。
如：He is fit for the job.他适合这份工作。
C. 作不及物动词，表示“吻合，合身”。
如：Does the coat fit?这件大衣合身吗?
2)suit作“适合”解，常强调颜色、款式等适合某人，而fit则强调大小合身。
如：That color doesn't suit your complexion.这颜色不适合你的肤色。
3)match表示“在(品质、颜色、设计等方面)与......相配”。
如：Carpets should match the curtains.地毯必须与窗帘匹配。
3.关于cost, spend, take和pay
1)spend的主语只能是人。常用结构：sb. + spend(s) + some time/ money + on sth. /in doing sth.
2)cost的主语只能是至事物或物的名词、代词或名词性短语。
常用结构：sth. + cost(s) + sb. + some money
3)take的主语多为指物的名词。常用结构：it + takes + some time + to do sth.
4)pay的主语是人，为买某物而付钱。常用结构：sb. + pay(s) + some money + for sth.
4.关于hurt, wound, injure和harm
1)hurt表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。
如：Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许多人受了伤。
2)would表示“由剑、刀、枪等造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。
如：The soldier was wounded in the arm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。
3)injure表示“意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。
如：There were two people injured in the car accident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤。
4)harm表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。
如：Our dog won't harm you.我们的狗不会伤害你的。
Getting up early won't harm you!早起对你没有坏处。
例：We ______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down
答案：C
解析：此处set about开始做. . .，后接名词、动名词;set up建立;set out开始做. . .，后接不定式;set down写下，记下。根据to paint可知选set out。句意：那天我们开始粉刷整个房子但只完成了前面的部分。
1、在区别动词及动词词组时应在以下几个方面特别注意：
(1)近义词词义及用法;
(2)语境中句意对词义的限定;
(3)固定词组的意义;
(4)动词词组的习惯用法。
2、既要注意同义词(组)间的语法差异，又要注意它们之间的意义差异。
高考英语重点语法总结
1高考英语重点语法总结：直接引语和间接引语
(一)直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引
语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人
称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1.时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词
said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过
去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化：
根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同
。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，
可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me,him,her,us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(
即请求或命令)加上ask,tell,order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask/tell/order someone
(not)to do something.例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said,“Don’t make so much noise,boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1.一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2.一般过去时was/were+过去分词
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3.一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4.现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5.过去进行时was/were+being+过去分词
When he got there,the problem was being discussed.
6.现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes,it has./No,it hasn’t.
7.过去完成时had+been+过去分词
注意：1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get,stay等也可以和过
去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.
2.含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+be+过去分词”结构。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr.Black comes.
3.含有“be going to”,“be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to+be+过去分词”和“be to+be+过去分词”。例如：The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4.被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注
意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如：He was very excited.(系表结构)
He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)
5.主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open,read,sell,shut,wash,wear,write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。
例如：These books sell well.这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut.这门关不上。
The clothes wash well.这些衣服很好洗。
高三英语语法知识点总结
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Have__a__good time!
解析：考查冠词。have a good time玩得开心。
2.Life is like __an__ ocean: Only __the__ strong-willed can reach the other shore.
解析：第一个空表示泛指，且ocean以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an;形容词前用定冠词表示一类人，the strong-willed意为“意志坚强的人”。
3.I can't tell you __the__ way to the Wilson's because we don't have __a__ Wilson here in the village.
解析：way后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the;泛指“一个名叫Wilson的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。
4.__The__ village where I was born has grown into __a__ town.
解析：village后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定冠词;泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。
5.Every time there was__an__outbreak，a great number of terrified people died.
解析：there was+可数名词单数，且“outbreak”以元音音素开头，故用an。
6.__The__ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.
解析：句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。
7.In Germany, __a__ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”，has been running with a great success.
解析：句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。故填不定冠词a。
8.—Mom, why can't I have __a__ new bike?
—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.
解析：句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车?——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。
9.__The__ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.
解析：句意为：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表特指，故填定冠词The。
10.Your son is in great danger and he needs __an__ immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan.
解析：句意为：你的儿子很危险，他需要紧急手术，费用为48,000元。operation为单数可数名词，且immediate为元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
11.I'd like to buy __a__ computer. Could you please give me some advice?
解析：句意为：我想买一台电脑，你能给我一些建议吗?computer为单数可数名词，此处表不确定的事物，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。
12.Zinio is __a__ platform for digital magazines, with more than 5,500 magazines from a wide range of publishers.
解析：句意为：Zinio是一个电子杂志平台，拥有来自各出版商所提供的'5,500多本杂志。platform是单数可数名词，此处指“一个平台”，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。
13.What if your first choice is wrong? If so, just give yourself __a__ second chance.
解析：句意：如果你的第一次选择错误怎么办?如果是这样，要再给自己一次机会。序数词前加不定冠词表示“再一，又一”，所以填不定冠词a。
14.—Would you mind giving me advice on how to improve my record?
—If you make __the__ most of your potential, there will be a rise in your achievement.
解析：句意为：——给我一些建议使我提高记录好吗?——如果你充分利用自己的潜能，你的成绩就会提高。make the most of是固定短语，意为“充分利用”，故填定冠词the。
15.With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with __a__ better command of computer skills.
解析：句意为：随着社会的发展，我们国家非常需要那些可以进行电脑操作的人才。with a command of...为惯用搭配，意为“掌握……”，故填不定冠词a。
高考英语语法重点归纳重点
一.非谓语动词
一)不定式的常考形式：
1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.
被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.
语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生
2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.
被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.
语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前
二)不定式常考的考点：
1)不定式做定语----将要发生
2)不定式做状语----目的
3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.
三)不定式的省略
1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel
+ do 表示动作的完整性，真实性;
+ doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)
" 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.
2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to
I 'd like to have John do it.
I have my package weighed.
Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.
3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do
四)有些动词后只跟不定式如：
want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do
force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do
be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do
We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET
1995)
A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key：C)
五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式
accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.
二. 动名词： 具有动作性特征的名词
1)是名词 seeing is believing
2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary.
一)动名词的形式:
一般形式：I don't like you smoking.
完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice.
被动形式：This question is far from being settled.
二) 动名词常考的点
1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数
2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词
3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.
I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992)
A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key：C your calling 也对)
I regret not having taken your advice.
4)有些词后只能接动名词
admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法：
it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...
三、一致关系
一)主谓一致
1. 主谓一致(与插入语无关)
1主谓的分隔原则：主谓之间可以用定语从句或者省略的定语从句分隔。
2定语从句中的主谓一致：
3随前一致：
n. + together with n2
as well as
including
along with
with / of
accompanied with / by
4就近原则：n1 or n2 +v(就近原则)
either n1 or n2
5可数n1 and 可数n2+v(pl)
不可数n1 and 不可数n2+v(pl)
例外：war and peace is… war and peace是一个整体
但是如果主语表示的是同一个概念，同一人，同一事的时候，谓语动词用单数，这种结构的特征是and连接的两个词只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.
The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.
The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.
类似的还有：law and order bread and
butter black and white
To love and to be loved is …
A lawyer and a teacher are…
A lawyer and teacher is …
6随后原则：not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(与B一致)
7百分比结构：most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent
of+n1+v.(由n1决定
8倒装结构的主谓一致：
a)There be +n 由名词决定动词
b)Among , between等介词位于句首引起倒装结构：
Among / Between …+系动词+n. (由名词决定动词)
9The+adj的主谓一致：
a)当表示"一类人"，
b)当表示某一抽象概念时
The good is always attractive.
10 To do/doing/主从+vs
More than one+n
many a +n.
a day or two
高三英语学习方法
一、平时多用碎时间，避免大突击大跃进;
课文每天朗读一篇到三篇。研究表明，英语课文念地结巴的，多半英语成绩不是特别好。成绩很好的同学，基本上都能做到流利朗读。
二、高三阶段多做高考真题，少死扣模拟题;
高考考察要点比较全面且难度适中。同学们可以把近三年的高考题从头到尾做一下，熟悉高考的思路。由于模拟题有的偏难，同学们可咨询老师，该放弃的就放弃。特别是对语法不放心的同学们，把北京3年真题所有的单选题(语法填空题)正确答案代入，念熟，几乎囊括99%的语法。
三、第一轮复习时以单词、词组应用为主，阅读、完型难度循序渐进;
高考英语其实并不难，把题目拆分来看，每个中等程度的同学都可能有把握做对。但是所有题型累加起来造成同学们考试时判断力下降，故而平时做题时一定要以简单、中等为主，完型、阅读理解选用篇章不要过长、过于晦涩难懂。高考是不会出现这过于晦涩的文章的。